This article examines modern pedagogical approaches in choral singing classes with students, contributing to the integration of traditional elements into the educational process. The author draws attention to the increasing role of educators and outstanding musicians; to the development of programs that combine traditional and innovative methods; to the integration of digital platforms, interdisciplinary projects, and cultural events; and to the activation of intercultural projects.

Key words: choral art, musical tradition of Russian culture, pedagogical approaches, innovative technologies.

 

This article analyzes the processes of transformation of traditional wedding rituals in contemporary Russia under the influence of digitalization. The study is based on an analysis of recent sociological surveys, statistical data from Rosstat, works in anthropology and cultural studies, as well as materials from digital platforms of the wedding industry.

Key words: wedding traditions, rituals, digitalization, social media, media culture, Russia, transformation, contemporary ritual.

 

In historical dynamics, any change in society affects the fundamental aspects of art. Music is an important part of artistic culture, and it is undergoing significant changes. In the socio-cultural space, artistic integrity is a specific manifestation of the principle of expediency in human activity. In musical art, this principle is conveyed through musical communication. The article examines the transformation of musical communication in historical dynamics from Antiquity to the present day. It identifies new characteristics of each type of communication in the musical space. The sociocultural methodological approach views society as a unity of culture and sociality, and is the most suitable for defining the typology of musical communication that is formed and transformed by human activity. Interest in the problem of sound in the world / the sound of the world is a kind of response to the human condition in today's world of information noise.

Key words: musical communication, typology, historical dynamics, social functioning, composer, listener, concert, technological progress.

 

The article is devoted to the study of Chinese ritual papers and money (zhima) as a unique phenomenon of material and spiritual culture. The authors examine these objects not only in a religious and ritual context, but also as a product of specialized paper production, emphasizing their role as a key medium in the sacred communication between the worlds of the living and the otherworldly.

The focus is on the period from the 16th to the 20th century, which is characterized by the richest source base, as well as the regions of Southern and Eastern China (Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Hong Kong). The work sequentially analyzes: the genesis and evolution of ritual practices associated with paper offerings; the functional and hierarchical purpose of various types of "money" (gold, silver, hellish) in the system of folk beliefs; the semantics of the applied images and hieroglyphs.

A separate section of the article details the technological aspects of production: the raw material base (bamboo, mulberry bark, rice straw), the specialized production of paper for burning (huozhi), as well as the complex process of consecration through the gluing and coloring of tin foil, xylographic printing and other decoration methods. It is concluded that ritual paper was a significant branch of paper production, possessing its own logic of creating value ‒ from the choice of material to the act of sacrifice.

The research is based on the works of key specialists in the history of paper and Chinese religion (Dard Hunter, Jean-Pierre Drège, Hou Ching-lang), as well as on the analysis of material evidence. The work contributes to the understanding of how technological processes and the material properties of paper shaped and mediated religious practices, maintaining for centuries the role of a connecting link between everyday life, the economy of the imaginary, and the otherworldly.

Key words: Chinese ritual money, zhima, paper for burning (huozhi), sacred communication, history of paper production, tin foil, material culture, funeral rites.

 

The article offers an interpretation of F.M. Dostoevsky's novel "The Idiot" as a single metatext organized around two polar–archetypal "solar" centers – the daytime (fiery) sun – Nastasia Filippovna Barashkova – and the "black sun" – the Moon – Aglaya Ivanovna Epanchina. Each of the heroines pulls a hexagonal network of characters, forming two "cosmic cobwebs", whose conjugation takes place at two boundary nodes: from above – Gavrila Ardalionovich Ivolgin (Gani), from below – Prince Lev Nikolaevich Myshkin. 

The topology of connections reconstructed according to the scheme is included in the work: the peaks of the fiery web are formed by Afanasy Ivanovich Totsky, Nina Alexandrovna Ivolgina (Gani's mother), Lukyan Timofeevich Lebedev, Parfen Semenovich Rogozhin; the peaks of the water are formed by General Ivan Fedorovich Epanchin, General Lizaveta Prokofievna Epanchina, the Epanchina sisters, Evgeny Pavlovich Radomsky. 

Special attention is paid to the "Sword of Orion", the instance of the North (the figure of Varvara Ardalionovna Ivolgina (Gani's sister)) and to the "Southern Cross" – the instance of the South (the trajectory of Kapiton Alekseevich (Radomsky's uncle) through General Ardalion Alexandrovich Ivolgin (Gani's father) and Ippolit Terentyev), functioning as agents of network disruption. 

The methodological framework combines Lacanian–Jungian analysis of archetypes with Lotman's poststructural semiotics; the author's psycho–topological matrix is presented, demonstrating how the "triangle of manipulation" (Totsky – Ganya – General Epanchin) and the "triangle of resistance" (Rogozhin – Prince Myshkin – Lebedev) trigger a catastrophic scenario of "unfreezing" the subject in the iconic field of the novel.

Key words: F.M. Dostoevsky, "The Idiot", Nastasya Filippovna Barashkova, Aglaya Ivanovna Epanchina, Prince Lev Nikolaevich Myshkin, psychoanalytic poetics, archetypes of the sun and the "black sun", topology of the plot, web-network, dual structure, literary psychology.

 

The article discusses the relevance of museum activities in preserving the cultural and historical memory of our people. Today, it is important to modernize the museum space through the use of interactive forms using information and communication technologies, as well as the involvement of leisure forms in the activities of museums. The article examines the main trends in the changing role of the modern museum in the preservation of cultural and historical heritage, the transformation of the museum into a research and cultural and educational center, the shift of attention to work with the mass audience, educational and entertainment nature.

Key words: museum, museum reserve, nation, historical memory, museum exposition, cultural heritage, patriotism, cultural experience, children, upbringing, conference, archives.

 

The transition from universalist concepts of evolution and progress to the more nuanced concept of "dynamics" reflects a fundamental shift in understanding sociocultural processes. The article demonstrates that, unlike "evolution" and "progress," the term "dynamics" did not carry evaluative connotations and did not imply unidirectional change. This created a conceptual space for analyzing cyclical processes, regressive trends, bifurcations, and other forms of social transformation that did not fit into the linear framework of linear schemes. Thus, the concept of "cultural dynamics" has become a kind of meta-language for describing the entire spectrum of processes occurring in the cultural space. The recognition of social needs as the primary determinant of cultural dynamics has radically changed our understanding of the mechanisms of cultural development. Activity becomes the link between needs and culture, paving the way for a more holistic theory of cultural dynamics, where social needs are not seen as a static given, but rather as a developing system that generates a diverse range of cultural forms through activity.

Key words: culture, dynamics, cultural dynamics, needs, social needs, activity, society.

 

The article presents the work with R. Kipling's stories, which are an effective means of developing the schoolchildren’s moral qualities in the process of teaching English. The authors explore the specifics of the moral and ethical focus of the author's works, their pedagogical significance and educational opportunities, and propose some methodological approaches, methods to using texts in the educational process. The main focus is on developing the students' critical thinking skills, empathy, and the ability for moral self-reflection through working with the English-language literary sources.

Key words: moral education, moral and ethical principles, critical thinking, R. Kipling's stories, English teaching, moral education, life guidelines.

 

The article analyses the development of Chinese variety and concert stage art in the 2000s and 2010s as a change in the mechanisms of stage persuasiveness, rather than as a list of events. The focus is on variety performances as a short form, the effectiveness of which is determined by the concentration of expressive means and their ensemble unity. It is shown that in the early 2000s, the ‘decorative’ model prevailed, where the visual series mainly supported the performer and relied on traditional scenographic and lighting solutions. The transition to the multimedia stage is interpreted as a response to increased competition for attention and changes in modes of perception in a media-driven culture. The conclusion is made that the criterion of ‘modernity’ of the stage is not related to the number of effects, but to the functional organisation and synthesis of means that ensure attention management and the integrity of the artistic impression.

Key words: performing arts, multimedia stage, variety show, synthesis of the arts, media environment.

 

This article explores the tradition of incantations and spells in the folk medicine system of this ethnic group. Incantations and spells are examined as a holistic system linked to traditional concepts and beliefs. The object of study is a complex of incantation traditions consisting of ritual actions and healing practices. The unique and characteristic features of Yakut spells ("domnooһun") are of particular value. These spells reflect both traditional medical practices and rational actions. Traditional medical knowledge includes the repeated repetition of verbal formulas and actions, the use of obscure words, the specific timing of ritual performance, and the imbuing of material objects with supernatural powers. Rational actions are observed in the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases and the preparation of ointments and infusions. The article provides a cultural analysis of the system of names for specializations and the classification of spellcasters and healers. The guardians of spell-casting traditions were exorcists ("domnyuttar – alҕaan emtээччилэр"), healers ("otoһuttar"), folk healers ("noruot emchitterэ"), shamans ("oyuuttar"), and udaganki ("udaҕattar"). Field materials such as participant observation, conversation, and expert interviews were used. Descriptive, comparative-historical, and systemic methods were used in the analysis of the obtained material. A cultural approach to the study of spell-casting traditions reveals the foundations of folk medicine, which were laid in the pre-scientific period of society's development.

Key words: cultural approach, folk medicine, conspiracy, spell, spellcaster, healer, magic word, code words, terminology, classification, specialization, spell-casting practices.

 

This article examines how the image of Veles functions within the East Slavic mythological and folkloric tradition and how this figure later comes to be reflected in the character of the Sea Tsar. The study focuses on identifying the continuity between these two images and on reconstructing the mythological narrative preserved in the Novgorod bylina about Sadko and in related traditional materials. The research proceeds from a qualitative comparative approach: it considers the roles, symbolic features, and narrative positions attributed to Veles, the Sea Tsar, and the vodianoi, and draws on a wide corpus of East Slavic folklore, including epic poetry, fairy-tale prose, belief narratives, ritual descriptions, as well as mythological and ethnolinguistic reference works. The analysis highlights the essential traits of Veles—his association with livestock, the otherworld, musical inspiration, and the celestial group known as the Volosyni—and demonstrates that this constellation of characteristics is reproduced in the figure of the Sea Tsar. Using the Novgorod and Pechora versions of the Sadko story together with the parallel ritual of propitiating Lake Onega, the article reconstructs the underlying myth involving a vow to Veles, its breach, the hero’s symbolic death, and his return from the otherworld (iriy). The study concludes that both the Sea Tsar and the vodianoi derive from the image of Veles and that the transformation of a pagan deity into an epic figure and a demon of lower mythology, followed by a Christian reinterpretation through the figure of St Nicholas of Mozhaisk, can be clearly traced. The findings refine current understanding of the aquatic dimension of Veles and illuminate broader patterns of continuity within Slavic mythological imagery.

Key words: Veles, the Sea King, water spirit, East Slavic folklore, Slavic mythology, mythological plot, reconstruction of the myth.

 

This article examines the general historical purpose of myth and its evolution in the public consciousness. It notes the historical transition of myth into various art forms, including cinema. The author analyzes the term "mythmaking," which has been an integral part of cinema from its inception to its present day. Using André Bazin's classification, cinema as a tool for mythmaking is examined across three stages of its development. Cinematography functions as a specific, universal sign system, exerting a unique influence on the viewer's consciousness and emotions. The work assigns a special role to the director as a mythmaker. Considering cinema as a mass industry, the author focuses on the potential for creating a "passive" viewer position. The article analyzes the specifics of mythmaking in Soviet and Hollywood cinema.

Key words: cinematography, myth, myth-making, mythotechnology, mass industry, screen culture.

 

The article examines the transformation of cultural codes in the context of the digital era, focusing on the specific representation of traditional values in Russian and Chinese social networks. The study aims to identify and compare the features of the visualization of traditional values, the influence of social network algorithms on their formation and maintenance, as well as the transformation of language and symbols used to adapt traditional cultural codes to the digital environment. Based on the analysis of scientific publications on the sociology of culture, communication theory, and digital culture, the article identifies key trends and differences in the approaches to the representation of traditional values in Russian and Chinese social networks, which are influenced by sociocultural and political factors.

Key words: cultural codes, traditional values, social networks, digital era, representation, transformation, algorithms, visualization, Russia, China.

 

This paper takes the "36 Classical Style Arias" by Italian composer Stefano Donaudy and its introduction and practice in Chinas music education as the research object, aiming to explore feasible paths for the creative transformation of national music traditions through education. By deeply analyzing the strategies in Donaudys works for constructing Italian musical identity and comparing them with the creative logic of Chinese composers (such as Zhao Yuanren and Ye Xiaogang), this paper focuses on how these classic works and creative concepts can be transformed into effective music education resources. The study will combine case studies and data to clarify the applicability and educational value of Donaudys creative strategies in music teaching, thereby proposing a set of teaching strategies for the creative transformation of national music suitable for Chinas music education system, providing theoretical references and practical solutions for cultivating music talents with both national heritage and international vision.

Key words: music education, creative transformation of national music, Stefano Donaudi, Chinese national vocal music, teaching strategies.

 

The article discusses the importance of studying the future of the dialogue between Islam and Christianity in the modern world society through the prism of the destructive influence on Russia of the visit in May 2025. The Pope to Turkey. The main aspects on this topic are considered, which contribute to understanding the problems of the dialogue between Islam and Christianity in the modern world order.

Key words: Pope, dialogue, security, terrorism, Christianity, Islam.

 

This article examines the impact of globalization on social identity and local traditions, highlighting how economic and technological integration affects these aspects at the global and local levels. The main goal is to analyze how the processes of globalization transform social identity and influence local traditions both in their globality and in their regional specifics. The methodology used includes a thorough analysis of previous research and theories on current issues of globalization, social and cultural identity, as well as a comparative approach that examines specific cases from different regions of the world. An interdisciplinary approach combining elements of sociology, cultural anthropology, and global economics was used to offer a comprehensive understanding of the phenomena under study. The main results show that globalization leads to complex processes of cultural hybridization and reconfiguration of social identity. At the global level, there is cultural homogenization in some aspects, driven by the spread of global media and technology. However, resistance and creative adaptations persist at the local level, which strengthen and transform local traditions. The coexistence of global and local does not always imply a simple dichotomy, but rather a dynamic interaction that can strengthen or weaken social identity and local traditions, depending on the specific context and strategies adopted by communities. The study describes in detail the impact of globalization on culture and social identity, emphasizing the importance of taking into account both global and local in the modern analysis of these phenomena.

Key words: globalization, culture, region, identity, society, dynamics.

 

The article focuses on the development of communicative competence in higher education as a key element of professional training. The author demonstrates the relationship between language training and the professional development of students, and justifies the need to integrate communication skills into professional disciplines. A three stage model for the formation of professional consciousness is presented (subject theoretical practical levels), and the role of the activity based approach and intercultural communication is elucidated. The relevance of the study lies in the declining level of language training among graduates and the need to rethink educational programmes. The author concludes that the development of communication skills should become a fundamental component of education to enhance the competitiveness of specialists.

Key words: communicative competence, higher education, professional development, language training, activity based approach, intercultural communication.

 

The article examines state regulation of consumption in Canada during the First World War (1917 ‒ 1918) through the introduction of a rationing system and other measures aimed at mobilizing the population and fostering «patriotic responsibility». The author analyzes the reasons for the shift from a liberal economic model to direct state intervention in consumer practices, necessitated by the need to supply food to Great Britain and its allies amidst Germany's unrestricted submarine warfare. Particular attention is paid to institutional changes (the establishment of the Food Controller position, later the Food Board), propaganda mechanisms, voluntary and compulsory conservation measures, as well as the social perception of these measures in the context of inflation and growing urban discontent. The article demonstrates how food policy became an instrument of total mobilization, transforming private consumption practices into an element of the war effort and laying the groundwork for similar measures during the Second World War.

Key words: First World War, Canada, food policy, rationing system, state regulation, patriotic responsibility, inflation, consumption mobilization, war economy, propaganda, social protest.

 

This article analyzes the role and evolution of traditional values in the medical profession in the context of rapid technological progress. It explores the historical and philosophical origins of these values, from the Hippocratic Oath and religious traditions to the principles of modern bioethics. The work structures the core of traditional values, highlighting three main groups: values that define the doctor-patient relationship (compassion, respect for autonomy, confidentiality, and non-malfeasance); professional virtues of the doctor (professionalism, honesty, and dedication); and values of the medical community (collegiality, continuity, and responsibility to society). Special attention is given to the key challenges of our time, such as commercialization, technocratization, the culture of patient rights, and digitalization, which are putting pressure on the ethical foundations of the profession. The author argues that in response to these challenges, traditional values are not eroded, but rather transformed, remaining a practical tool for building trust, resolving ethical dilemmas, preventing professional burnout, and making decisions in uncertain situations. The author concludes that the system of traditional values serves as the profession's "immune system," ensuring its resilience and humanistic orientation, and requires targeted education at all stages of a doctor's professional development.

Key words: traditional values, medical ethics, professional virtues of a doctor, bioethics, the principle of "do no harm" (primum non nocere), mercy, respect for patient autonomy, medical secrecy (confidentiality), trust in medicine, challenges of modern medicine, commercialization of healthcare, dehumanization of medicine, Hippocratic Oath, professional burnout, ethical education of a doctor.

 

The article analyzes the risks associated with the use of generative artificial intelligence systems in the context of industrial espionage and targeted disinformation campaigns against companies. The architectural principles of modern models – large language models and diffusion image generators – are considered and it is shown how their capabilities to create plausible text, visual content and synthesized audio can be used by intruders. Special attention is paid to threats related to the leakage of confidential data, the use of uncontrolled cloud services by employees, attacks on training kits (data poisoning), attempts to extract models, compromise of system promptings and the rapid spread of deepfakes. It is shown that the combination of high availability of AI tools and organizational vulnerabilities significantly increases the likelihood of large-scale attacks on companies. The article suggests key areas of protection: the introduction of DLP systems and architectural barriers, labeling of AI content, standardization and certification of AI solutions, the introduction of secure by design principles, staff training and international coordination in the field of cybersecurity. It is concluded that the risks associated with generative AI are developing dynamically, and an effective protection strategy should be multi-layered, flexible, and focused on long-term sustainability of corporate and information security.

Key words: generative AI, industrial espionage, disinformation, deepfake, cybersecurity.

 

This paper examines the activities of the BRICS association as one of the key contributors to the current global order. It analyzes the background of its formation, the stages of its expansion, and the main areas of cooperation in the political, economic, and social spheres. Special attention is given to the functioning of new financial institutions, such as the New Development Bank and the Foreign Exchange Reserve Pool, as well as the issues of security and cooperation among the participating countries in international organizations. The paper demonstrates that BRICS serves as an alternative to Western institutions, strengthening multipolarity and ensuring a more equitable distribution of resources in the global system. The article concludes that BRICS is gaining influence and has promising prospects for further development.

Key words: BRICS, multipolarity, economy, international relations, world order, security, New Development Bank, globalization, integration, and international organizations.

 

The article reveals the most interesting episodes of the life and work of a man who was considered Russia's best diplomat during the reign of Peter the Great. It highlights his main achievements and shows the challenges he faced.

Key words: Jew, translator, Ambassadorial Prikaz, Peter I, Great Embassy, negotiations, Battle of Poltava, baron, under-chancellor, Turks, Ottoman Empire, grand vizier, sultan, Charles XII, hostages, conflicts.

 

Alexander Barchenko is a famous Soviet occultist, before the revolution he was known as a writer and journalist, the author of the theosophical adventure novel Doctor Cherny. In 1914 he was mobilized into the army as a volunteer. The circumstances of his service in the training unit, sending to the front, escape from the army and dismissal due to mental illness allow us to understand the psychological state of the "Rasputin of the Bolshevik court" during the heyday of his occult activity in the 1920-30s.

Key words: Alexander Barchenko, Rosicrucians, The United Labor Brotherhood, 19th infantry reserve brigade, marching company, pseudo-dementia military psychosis.

 

The article is devoted to the problem of identifying the interaction of regulatory clarifications contained in the acts of the Higher judicial authorities represented by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. The article provides an analysis of the acts of the Higher judicial authorities indicating the relationship between their regulatory clarifications, and also draws a conclusion on the impact such a relationship has on law enforcement practice.

The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship between regulatory clarifications of the Higher Courts and to establish the role of such a relationship for law enforcement practice.

Based on our research, we concluded that these clarifications directly influence each other; the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation integrate and complement each other's regulatory clarifications. This interrelationship ensures consistency in law enforcement practices and avoids problems associated with arbitrary and incorrect interpretation of legal norms, which leads to the application of unlawful and unjust judicial decisions.

Key words: Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, Constitutional Court, regulatory clarification, interrelation, highest judicial authorities.

 

The article examines the concept of unauthorized construction and defines real estate to which the provisions of Article 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation apply. Furthermore, it proposes ideas for improving Russian legislation.

Key words: unauthorized construction, unfinished construction project, premises.

 

The study is devoted to the psychological mechanisms of developing communicative competence among future specialists at technical universities in the Russian Federation. Communicative competence is regarded as a key element in the transformation of a student into a qualified professional. The key aspects of the research include: the role of intellectual operations in the development of communicative competence; the impact of immersion in the specifics of a profession on communication style; the significance of the internalization of values for communicative behaviour; the importance of practice-oriented training for the flexibility of communication. A special emphasis is placed on internal motivation and language training (including both the native and foreign languages). The conclusion drawn from the study is that the development of communicative skills should be staged and take into account the psychological patterns of personality development.

Key words: communicative competence, professional development, psychological mechanisms, professional thinking, stages of professional development.

 

This article attempts to examine the impact of World War I on the French pulp and paper industry, exploring the mechanisms of its adaptation to conditions of total crisis. Drawing on archival data and industry statistics, it demonstrates how the war, which caught the industry in the midst of an incomplete modernization process and critical dependence on raw material imports, triggered a profound structural breakdown. The authors analyze the «triple blow» of the initial period: the mass mobilization of skilled personnel, the loss of production capacities due to requisitions and occupation, and the collapse of logistics chains. Particular attention is paid to the formation of the «paper crisis» of 1916 – 1918, characterized by catastrophic raw material shortages, hyperinflation of prices, and transport paralysis.

The focus of the research is on the industry's survival strategies, including forced conversion (the production of cellulose nitrate for gunpowder and artillery shells) and diversification. The evolution of state regulation is examined in detail: from targeted measures to liberalize newsprint imports to the creation of a centralized management system under the aegis of the Interministerial Press Commission (Commission interministérielle de la Presse, CIP) and the National Paper Office. The article shows how a hybrid management model, based on a close alliance between the state apparatus and the largest private producers, emerged in 1917 – 1918.

The article also reveals the industry's internal contradictions: the conflict between lobbyists for import liberalization (affiliated with the press) and proponents of protectionism, as well as the paradoxes of state support, which led to speculation and market distortions. Despite a drop in production volumes to 40–60% of pre-war levels, a sharp rise in prices allowed many companies to reap super-profits, which, however, did not prevent long-term structural depletion and a decade-long recovery period. It is concluded that the war acted as a catalyst, exposing the industry's systemic vulnerabilities and accelerating the processes of its state regulation and subsequent concentration.

Key words: French pulp and paper industry, World War I, war economy, raw material shortage, paper crisis, state regulation, production conversion, newsprint. Propaganda, Interministerial Press Commission (CIP), logistics collapse, inflation. adaptation strategies, industry transformation.

 

The article explores the transformation of higher medical education under the influence of the inclusion paradigm. The author analyzes the evolution from a medical model of disability to a social and biopsychosocial model, which leads to a revision of the goals and methods of medical training. The key components of the inclusive approach are discussed in detail: ensuring the physical and informational accessibility of the educational environment, adapting curricula and assessment methods, developing Universal Design for Learning (UDL), and fostering an inclusive culture and competencies among teachers and students. Special attention is paid to ethical dilemmas and practical challenges associated with the inclusion of students with various forms of disability in clinical practice. It is concluded that inclusive medical education is not only a condition for the realization of human rights, but also a strategic resource for improving the quality of healthcare through the training of empathetic, flexible, and reflective professionals.

Key words: inclusive education, higher medical education, social model of disability, universal design of learning (UDL), accessible environment, special educational conditions, inclusive culture, and professional competencies of a doctor.

 

The author emphasizes the need to reform the legal regulation of tax compliance in the context of digitalization to ensure more comprehensive and uniform regulation, as well as to protect taxpayer rights when tax liability is divided among different parties. The main problem with current regulation is the insufficient guarantee of conscientious fulfillment of obligations and the insufficient effectiveness of the control system, which requires the development of additional legal mechanisms and strengthening of the responsibility of all participants in tax relations. 

Key words: aggregate tax liability, aggregate tax liability, digitalization, single tax payment, single tax account, tax calculation, automated tax calculation, subject and participant in tax legal relations.

 

The purpose of the study: to study and compare the psychological characteristics of the personality of residents of the polar latitudes at two stages of multi-latitude monitoring during the period of low solar activity of the 11-year solar cycle, taking into account their psychological and heliogeophysical synchronism and through the prism of personal anxiety. The study involved 56 men [their average age was 42,2 (40,4; 44,6) years], during the 2018 and 2019 phases of the Heliomed 2 project in Tiksi village (polar latitudes), for two months – March and April. To achieve this goal, an integrative indicator of heliogeomagnetic disturbance was established – the Kr index, which was determined daily during the observation stages, as well as psychological methods: tests Spielberger's modification of Yu. Khanina, E. Khaimah and the projective psychogeometric test. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the program «STATGRAF Plus for Windows 10.0». All the individuals we observed were graded according to the levels of personal anxiety (low, medium and high, according to H. To Spielberger and Yu. Khanin), and further the analysis of the psychological personality traits of the volunteers was carried out through the prism of their anxiety as a disposition. It was shown that at both stages of monitoring, volunteers who did not possess psychological and heliogeophysical synchronization prevailed among the individuals we observed. It was revealed that the higher the level of anxiety as a disposition among the project participants, the less often there was a choice of constructive and more often non–constructive forms of stress-overcoming behavior; This was most pronounced among carriers of psychological-heliogeophysical synchronism, especially at the stage of minimal activity of the 11-year solar cycle – in the spring of 2019. It is advisable for them to recommend psychological correction aimed at reducing high levels of anxiety and developing constructive behavior in stressful situations.

Key words: multi-latitude monitoring, auroral latitudes, psychological-heliogeophysical synchronicity, personal anxiety, stress-coping behavior.

 

The article reveals the theoretical and practical aspects of introducing senior preschool children to the heroic epic - olonkho. The pinnacle of the Yakut people's spiritual culture is the heroic epic olonkho, preserved in oral folklore and declared by UNESCO a "masterpiece of the intangible oral heritage of humanity." Olonkho has enormous pedagogical potential for children's personal development, which should be utilized in the preschool education system. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the pedagogical conditions for familiarizing older preschoolers with the culture of their native people through board games based on olonkho.This article takes a practice-oriented approach to education. The study utilized methods for analyzing psychological and pedagogical literature on the use of olonkho in preschool education. The theoretical propositions are supported by practical methods, such as a pedagogical experiment, interviews, questionnaires, mathematical processing of the results, and interpretation of the data obtained. Practical relevance of the study: a program for the "World of Olonkho" club for older preschool-aged children was developed using board games based on olonkho stories. Board games based on olonkho stories help children remember the images of olonkho characters, their characteristics, actions, and the content of the olonkho. Fourteen original games have been developed and implemented to introduce older preschoolers to olonkho. The experimental study was conducted at the Mayinsky Preschool Educational Institution "Chuoraanchyk" in the Megino-Kangalassky District of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) as part of the "World of Olonkho" club program. The results of the experimental study were analyzed in detail, confirming the effectiveness of using board games to introduce older preschoolers to the culture of their native people and the stories and characters of olonkho. The study holds promise for further research.

Key words: preschool education, olonkho, board game, spiritual and moral education, comprehensive development of personality, moral values, native culture, traditions, heroes, defenders of the clan.

 

This study analyzes Sun Tzu's "The Art of War." To this end, the historical context of its creation is illustrated, namely, the conditions of political fragmentation in ancient China. The philosophical foundations of this teaching are explored through examples of strategy and tactics in military conflicts. The article concludes with a conclusion about the potential for integrating ancient Chinese narratives, including in the context of today's global competition.

Key words: Sun Tzu, The Art of War, princely wars, fragmentation, strategy, tactics, battles, philosophy of military action, armed conflicts.

 

This article proposes to study two counter-drone defense systems used in 2020-2025 in different locations around the world, based on their effectiveness, shortcomings, and costs within the current complex hybrid warfare environment, which requires prompt, innovative approaches to countering hostile robotics and drone operators. The main problem is the lack of understanding of several aspects of the tactics and composition of unmanned aerial vehicles of various types: air, ground, underground, surface, underwater, and space. Therefore, there is an urgent need to analyze key counter-drone defense options of both linear and radial types for the purpose of successfully countering this reality. 

Key words: counter-drone defense, unmanned vehicles, military unmanned vehicles, UAVs, combat drones, linear counter-drone defense, radial counter-drone defense, hybrid warfare, military innovations, defense tactics, combat tactics, mixed-use unmanned systems, counter-drone defense cover, drone troops, combat.

 

Promoting the "integrated development of ideological and political courses" in a coordinated manner is not only a process-reengineering reform and innovation in the field of education, but also a strategic project related to the cultivation of socialist builders and successors. Taking Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region as the research sample, this paper, on the basis of sorting out the existing achievements of the integrated development of ideological and political courses in the region, focuses on the core problems currently existing, such as imperfect systematic mechanisms, poor connection of teaching materials, and weak education carriers. It conducts an analysis from three dimensions: "constructing systematic mechanisms", "smoothing the connection of teaching materials" and "improving education carriers", and finally explores and formulates the optimization path for the integrated development of ideological and political courses in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, so as to provide practical reference for the high-quality development of ideological and political education in border areas in the new era.

Key words: lessons of ideological and political education, integral construction, three-dimensional promotion.

 

The study is devoted to the analysis of linguistic and foreign studies material as a key means of increasing motivation in teaching a professionally oriented foreign language. The author argues that traditional approaches focused on grammar and highly specialized vocabulary are insufficient to train specialists for effective intercultural communication. The purpose of the work is to identify the specifics of linguistic and foreign studies material and the mechanisms of its influence on educational motivation. The article substantiates that authentic materials (business documentation, industry publications, case studies) reflecting the corporate and professional culture of the country of the language being studied transform the educational paradigm. They contribute to the formation of intercultural professional competence, satisfying the cognitive, instrumental and integrative needs of students. Motivational potential is realized through the principles of authenticity, problemativeness and professional relevance, as well as through interactive methods (discussions, role-playing games, projects). It is concluded that the system integration of the linguistic and foreign studies component translates motivation from external to internal, turning language into a living tool for solving professional tasks.

Key words: linguistic and foreign studies, motivation, vocational education, intercultural communication, authentic materials, methods of teaching foreign languages, business foreign language, cross-cultural competence.

 

This article examines the impact of Big Data technologies on social justice and digital inequality. It demonstrates that data analysis can not only exacerbate gaps between population groups but also reduce them when used wisely. The dual role of Big Data - as a source of innovation and as a driver of social inequality - is explored. The practical significance of using analytics to develop fair decisions in various fields is noted. Emphasis is placed on the need for responsible data management for the sustainable and equitable development of society.

Key words: Big Data, digital inequality, social justice, data analysis, digital transformation, open data, technology ethics.

 

The article reveals the importance of using interactive technologies for teaching educational information, provides examples of experiments aimed at intensifying the assimilation of educational information, and discusses methods of behavioral analysis of individuals and groups during the learning process.

Key words: interactive approach, motivation, critical thinking, pedagogical technologies, demonstrative experiment, schematization and tabulation of the content of psychological phenomena.

 

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the ethical principles of clinical and psychological practice, which are viewed through the lens of their philosophical foundations. The author traces the genesis of key ethical norms, such as respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, fidelity, and honesty, in the context of the main philosophical and ethical traditions: deontology, utilitarianism, virtue ethics, and principality. Special attention is paid to the specifics of implementing these principles in an interdisciplinary medical context, where a clinical psychologist interacts with doctors, patients, and their families. Typical ethical dilemmas are analyzed (confidentiality vs. duty of prevention, informed consent in mental disorders, and resource allocation), and ways to resolve them are proposed based on the synthesis of philosophical knowledge and practical codes. The article concludes that continuous ethical education and reflection are essential for responsible professional practice.

Key words: clinical psychology, medical ethics, bioethics, autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, confidentiality, informed consent, ethical dilemmas, and principalism.

 

The study focuses on the analysis of accentual highlighting of lexical units in oral scientific monologic speech. It examines the two level nature of accentual marking – both as a characteristic of an individual word and as a textual category. Based on the analysis of audio recordings of scientific presentations (lectures, reports, talks at conferences and seminars), the research identifies lexical groups prone to accentual highlighting and describes their semantic and discursive functions. Special attention is paid to the role of accentual markers in organizing the semantic space of an utterance, their connection with the cognitive structures of the linguistic personality (according to Yu. N. Karaulov’s model), and their impact on the audience’s perception of information. The study demonstrates that accentual highlighting not only marks informationally significant elements but also contributes to the realization of the speaker’s pragmatic intentions, shaping the «linguistic portrait of a lexeme» in oral scientific discourse.

Key words: accentual marking, oral scientific speech, lexical units, prosody, semantics, discourse, linguistic personality, text generation, intonation marking, communicative goal, linguistic portrayal of a lexeme, accentogenic groups.